General:
Dojo	training hall
Kiai	shout to generate power and show spirit
Mokso	close eyes and breathe slowly and deeply
Rei	bow
Sensei	instructor
Sensei Ni Rei	Bow to instructor
Yame	stop; finish
Stand up
jab	straight punch with lead arm
cross	straight punch with arm to opposite to lead leg
hook	arm moves in horizontal plane, fist aims to connect on side of opponent
upper cut	arm moves in roughly vertical plane, fist aims to hit up into opponent
overhand	Fist aims to connect diagonally down on opponent
slip	moving head laterally to avoid a straight punch
bobbing and weaving	moving head up and down, as well as in other dimensions, to avoid and set up punches
sprawl	moving legs back and hips down rapidly to avoid a takedown
level change	moving body lower (shoulders over knees) in order to gain better position for controlling the opponent - e.g. ducking under his arm, controlling his hips or legs
arm drag	using opposite arm to grab opponents (e.g. right to right) and pull
single and double leg takedowns	takedowns that involve grabbing one or both legs from low or high positions - similar to, but technically different from, a rugby tackle.
Locks and chokes
Arm Bar	Forcing the elbow joint beyond it's natural range of movement
knee bar	forcing the knee joint beyond its natural range of motion.
S-shape Lock	bending the elbow and wrist to make an S shape, and applying force through the wrist at 90 degrees to the plane of the S. .
heel hook	catching instep of foot in one's armpit and the heel in the crook of one's arm and rotating.
Hammer lock/kimura/figure 4	Folding the arm behind the back, elbow further down the back compared to shoulder
Americana/key lock/figure 4	hand lowered as elbow raised above shoulder to produce pressure on the shoulder
guillotine	choke with arm around neck and bodies facing each other
triangle	choke using legs wrapped around neck and one of opponent's arms
"Nage waza" - Throws
Uchimata	Inner thigh throw
O goshi	Hip throw
Ippon Seio Nage	Shoulder throw
O Soto Gari	Outside leg trip
Ground positions
Guard	Someone is in your guard if you are on your back and they are between your legs. It is closed guard if your legs are crossed.
Half guard	Someone is in your half guard if you are on your back and have captured one of their legs between yours.
Mount	You are mounting someone if they are on their back and you are sitting or lying on their stomach (not between their legs)
Side control/side mount/cross mount	You have side control if they are on their back, your legs are both to the same side and your chest is pressed against theirs.
Scarf hold	You have scarf hold if they are on their back, your legs are both to the same side, one knee under their shoulder, and the same arm around their head.
North-South/69 position	One person on their back, the other on their front, chest to the first person's head, head-feet axis at 180 degrees to each other
"Clinch" positions
Clinch/tie	Making contact with opponent to restrict and control their movement
bicep tie	Hands on biceps
Neck tie/Thai clinch	Hand on back of head/neck, same elbow on chest
Two on one/Russian tie	In outside position, holding one arm on wrist and above elbow
Under hook	Same side arm goes under the arm pit and grabs shoulder.
Over-under clinch	One arm has under hook, the other arm goes over the same side arm or shoulder.
Pummeling	Seeking good position while clinched
Swimming	A particular pummeling drill in which both people in an over-under clinch seek to convert their over hook to an under hook